Tamil murasu newspaper singapore4/30/2024 ![]() However, interviews with some former staff of the Murasu, including its present editor who had worked as the Murasu's sub-editor in the 1950s, proved quite valuable. The dearth of written material about the paper and the fact that not many of Sarangapany's contemporaries are living in Singapore posed certain limitations in the preparation of this study. The basis of this study was the microfilmed copies of the Tamil Murasu itself. The paper's editor and owner, Sarangapany, who had been the most instrumental person in the founding and running of the paper, died in that year, thereby closing a significant chapter in the Murasu's history. 1974 has been chosen as the end point of the study because it marks a significant turning point in the Murasu's history. A study of the paper would also provide an understanding of the Malayan Tamil community during this period. This exercise traces the origin and development of the Tamil Murasu from 1935 to 1974 to understand how and why the paper evolved from a propaganda paper to become a local Tamil daily in Singapore. However, due to limitations of time, space, and competence, this exercise is in no way a complete study of the subject - it is only a start. This study is an attempt to fill this need. As a result, writers have usually resorted to the more readily available English-language materials, and the English-language papers run by Indians, to refer to, and draw conclusions about, the Indian community of Malaya as a whole, even though these do not necessarily reflect the whole Indian community. However, except for a short, general study of Tamil journalism in Malaya, no comprehensive study of any Tamil newspaper has been undertaken so far. It is readily acknowledged that newspapers are rich historical sources which provide valuable insights into the history of a country and its people. There are other more compelling reasons why this study was undertaken. However, this exercise was not undertaken because of the Murasu's long existence, for there is no particular virtue in longevity itself. The Tamil Murasu is one of the oldest surviving newspapers in Singapore. THE TAMIL MURASU : THE EVOLUTION OF A LOCAL TAMIL NEWSPAPER 1935-1974. THE TAMIL MURASU : THE EVOLUTION OF A LOCAL TAMIL NEWSPAPER 1935-1974
0 Comments
Virtual city 2 walkthrough4/30/2024 ![]() Some of their requests will cost you a lot of money. When the townspeople ask you to do things for you, you can 1) do what they ask, and it will raise their happiness a little 2) tell them no outright and 3) try, but don't fulfill their request, in which case they'll forget all about it by morning. Mottershead gives you a popcorn maker, but you don't need it to start out. Do you need a furnished house right now? I'd argue that you need one piece of furniture - the game will give you hints as to what types of furniture fulfill that need. Do you need to fix the bridge? Yes, no argument there. Figure out what is necessary to move ahead and what is just fun, and make priorities. Just as in real life, don't worry about what other people are doing and especially what they say they are doing. In the early game, the best way to make money is not to spend it. Mottershead to see if she's got new problems for you to solve. Check in at different times of the day, because some bugs like different environments, and always check with Mrs. If you've cleared out all the bugs, take a break, close down the game, and come back later. There are other examples, but it's more fun to discover them yourself. You don't want to leave a lot of weeds, but you can leave one. Just about everything has some bug that likes it - even things that lower your Beauty Meter, like weeds. Check the trees and the areas with long grass (even if you've cut it down). Start a flower garden some bugs love those. What you need is a plan to attract more bugs. ![]() Selling bugs is more profitable than you may think. Cpu temp rainmeter4/30/2024 ![]() And last, dont be afraid to ask questions here on the forums. Adjust text color, font, positioning, and sizing to suit your preferences. jsmorley wrote: Wed 1:54 pm The Rainmeter documentation is also an invaluable resource. Step 5: Explore the script to customize the appearance of your CPU temperature meters. Ive tried a number of rainmeter skins but they dont show ALL of my cores, I have 12 (6 physical and 6 hyperthreads) and I. So the title says what I am looking for, something that looks like the All CPU and GPU meter gadgets from Windows 7 with temperature profiles. Load the skin using the Rainmeter Manage dialog. All CPU meter (with temps) and All GPU meter (with temps) with network usage. ini extension and place it in the Rainmeter\Skins directory. In this format, as far as I can tell, the conditions are evaluated only once, when the skin is refreshed (i.e. ![]() The IfConditionMode1 added to the CalcCPUTempGraphValue measure, in order to evaluate the conditions each time the measure is updated. Information=Shows the RAM usage in percent, with a glowing ring background.Step 3: Copy and paste the following script into a new Rainmeter skin file, adjusting the settings as needed Well, first of all, from the top of my head, you have 2 things missing in your code: 1. Then, use it in your skin like this: Code: Select all. Text=Item: #CRLF#Field: #CRLF#Value: #CRLF#Raw: #CRLF#CRLF#Item: #CRLF#Field: #CRLF#Value: #CRLF#Raw: Hey all, Ive made a small widget style skin for background monitoring of CPU and GPU temperature, usage, and clock speeds. If this is so, then setting the Show CPU/GPU temperatures to ON in the suite's Settings skin should solve the "issue" (though you said the CPU temp works, so I might be wrong, after all): ![]() CoreTemp version 1.18 temperature polling interval 3000 milliseconds. Hey all, Ive made a small widget style skin for background monitoring of CPU and GPU temperature, usage, and clock speeds. When HWiNFO is active, my rainmeter skin displays the GPU info correctly - but the CPU temp disappears. I suspect that the issue is that the GPU temp is by default hidden in the said skin, due to the #TempsToggle# variable value at the end of the code. I notice that - since I dont know when - CoreTemp, accessed via Rainmeter, gives the wrong value for CPU temp (taken as a mean across cores) until Rainmeter is restarted. I downloaded a rainmeter CPU/GPU/Drives monitoring skin that requires HWiNFO for GPU monitoring. License=Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 1) Information=Shows the GPU usage in percent, with a glowing ring background. Contribute to SilverAzide/Gadgets development by creating an account on GitHub. Printable minion eyes for ballons4/30/2024 ![]() I have a feeling some little boy might end up with a minion birthday party this fall. Now we had Stuart, Kevin, and Bob print art to hang on the wall again. Once dry you can go back and add gray circle as goggles and blue lines as straps. Now we just had to wait for it all to dry. Even the wet paint would not hold the googly eye on so we added glue under the eye and they stuck. We added googly eyes while the paint was still wet. These little circles were great to make minions out of. Now my kids came in and dipped the balloon in the paint and made balloon prints on the paper. ![]() I think he might be the biggest fan in the house. Baby brother smiles and points every time he walks by them. Now we have Stuart, Kevin, and Bob hanging on the art wall. The balloon print minion craft is easy and fun. When we got some balloons out for another print project it just seemed too hard to pass up making a minion too. We made a fingerprint minion craft a while back and the kids enjoyed it. ![]() For an indoor activity, you can have a pin the goggles on the minion game.My kids loved the Minion movie that came out this summer. For another outdoor activity that can be loads of excitement you can fill up water guns and have a target contest shooting at minion pictures. Some great minion activities to keep kid’s going strong include a minion egg hunt! Make minions out of plastic yellow and blue eggs and fill them with fun treats or toys, making every kid a winner. How to Make Minion Twinkie Cake Pops by Abe’s World With blue and white swirly straws, these drinks are sure to be a hit. Donut holes labelled as “shrunken moons” will give a little mess of goofiness and of course you cannot go wrong with adorable Minion cake pops! You can use classic soda bottles filled with orange juice or lemonade to make drinkable minions by placing little eyes on the bottles. Bananas are a wonderful idea for a healthy snack, bringing that yellow into the mix perfectly. Making minions out of marshmallows is a pretty simple endeavour that entertains deliciously. You could even procure movie posters to hang around the room and border them with mini-minions or balloons.įun foods for a Minion party can include all kinds of sweet treats. Purchase some yellow paper cups, and 2 large googly eyes. For crafters, you can make a minion wreath from blue and yellow ribbon and hang it on the front door as a welcome sign to the party area. Using blue and yellow table cloths with bring the theme’s color palette to life and you can even create a backdrop from blue and yellow to hang the birthday banner on as well. You can make your own minions from construction paper and decorate with those as well. A spread of flag banners with minions will add the characters throughout the area nicely. Draw some large Minion eyes on the balloons or stick large white circle and a smaller black circle paper cut outs. Bright yellow and blue balloons are great for filling the venue space. The minions are crazy little characters that do a lot of exciting things so your room should reflect that to really blend the theme nicely. The invitations can be bold and bright, drawing attention with minion artwork and wild fonts.įor decorations at a Minion Birthday Party, you can go all out with wild and fun pieces. With a Minion Birthday Party, you can use yellow and blue for your theme colors, bringing vibrancy to your venue. If you are searching for a fresh idea to celebrate your child’s birthday, a Minion party could be just the idea for you! Despicable Me is a fun favorite for kids, offering a lot of excitement and entertainment that is sure to be remembered. Fake driver license maker app4/30/2024 ![]() So you came here looking for Free Fake ID drivers license card and to find. the Fake ID generator online, passport for sale, fake id generator for free. If you were wondering how to make fake ID or where to get fake ID as easy. You can buy fake id online and see more than 1, fake id shop reviews. Hence, providing convenience to pay online for your ID. ![]() We are, a fake id maker for providing you with the highest quality counterfeit IDs. Making a Fake Drivers License Online - Making a fake drivers license online involves making payments or using available free templates from the . Select nation or state, create driver license and download or share. Create fake driver license, with photo and data you like. Generate a driving license with no required documentation. Use a driver's license generator to create a duplicate license and avoid getting caught by a cop. Being a Fake ID Maker online, fake identification, identity card the company can generate fake licenses. fake driver licence, best place to buy fake id card online us,uk,canada,australia fake id vendor. Creating Quality Fake ID Cards Fake Scannable Licences for Social Lifestyles! Order an ID card Welcome to Stealthfakies All Fake Buy . can make things easier for you special for those . Here you can safely solve your problem on how to buy fake driver license online. Free online ID card maker Get scannable Photo ID cards with Holograms Learn how to make a fake ID or buy Boater License on Shop 1,500 . You can generate these barcodes by finding a free PDF417 generator online. There are 2 WAYS to make a funny fake ID at IDFakes. Free PDF Downlaod Master the Fake ID Master the Fake ID Proven Tricks And Tips On How To Use A Fake. Photoshop would be ideal for this, but you can also use free programs like GIMP and Paint . Step 2: Open your scan in an image editing program. Buy International / Fake Driving License with Holograms ✓ Learn how to make a fake ID and buy a State ID on Shop ✓ 1500 Customer Reviews. Make and print your own funny fake ID's for FREE with our ID Card Maker and Photo ID Maker id . There are 2 WAYS to make a funny fake ID at. When verifying an ID, confirmation of authenticity often needs to be done quickly, which makes careful scrutiny of the driver's license or ID card important. It is because people barely follow the pattern. There will be a more in-depth focus on how to make a fake drivers license online for free. We offer free delivery within the US and Europe for bulk orders. Tags fake drivers license online, drivers license for sale. We always make sure our clients get the best false driving warrant, with quality materials like first grade plastic for the. All real documents are registered on the Database. We can get you a real or fake license with all security features and holograms. How to make fake drivers license online, How to get fake driving license online, Fake drivers . Rate free alabama drivers license template download form. Get, Create, Make and Sign alabama driver license template. For experienced criminal defense help, please call us at 61 or use our contact form to make an appointment. In Tennessee, using a fake ID is a misdemeanor with a maximum penalty of 11. Fraudulent driver's licenses are plentiful and easily available online. When you buy fake IDs online for the USA, UK, and Europe, you find a special team entrusted with the task of creating fake IDs and Passports. Trusted Fake IDs Card Supplier Florida, USA - ID Anytime. the most easiest way to make fake license card, driver's license or of any car license is to install fake driving license app fake driving licence generator or fake id . Utilize the Sign Tool to add and create your electronic signature to signNow the Driver licence template . How to fill out the Driver licence template downloads form on the internet. updated to include one or more holograms as a method to prevent/detect fake IDs. Start a free trial now to save yourself time and money!. Gradient Image Editor Fake ID Card Maker Online Free For PayPal - Hello, . Fake Ultrasound Generator for Free If your photo's contrast seems off or you can't. license from the dmv, make a fake license online free, fake drivers license maker. how to make a fake drivers license that works 2021 steps. Make ID is a premium fake ID card provider worldwide. Create cheap fake ID online, novelty ID and fake drivers license. Battlefield 5 marketing stepped down4/30/2024 ![]() Paid AdsĪny time you pay to have your content shared with users, it’s considered a paid ad. With the right content, you can boost audience retention, land higher conversion rates and establish your authority in your space. It often goes hand in hand with SEO marketing, which attempts to optimize pages so that they rank higher in search results.Ĭurrently, about 82% of marketing teams use content marketing as part of their strategy, with 40% ranking it as an important part of their overall marketing approach. Content MarketingĬontent marketing is the process of creating blogs, white papers, videos, infographics and other forms of media to attract customers. You can use a mix of photos, videos, links and long-form content to engage and delight your followers. And best of all, each social media channel can help you tailor to a specific audience.įor example, Facebook is excellent for targeting the Baby Boomer generation, while YouTube, Instagram and TikTok are all better for reaching younger users. Social media marketing is so popular because, for the most part, it’s free to create an account and post content about your brand. Research estimates that 92% of businesses use social media for marketing. It’s particularly fruitful if you want to market to the Baby Boomer generation, as 31% prefer direct mail over other marketing channels. For example, they might live in your store’s neighborhood, or they might have abandoned their shopping cart on your website.ĭirect mail is one of the most profitable forms of traditional marketing, with a 29% return on investment. It involves sending promotional materials such as postcards, brochures or flyers to potential customers you’ve identified through market research. If you’re wary of relying too heavily on digital marketing, consider direct mail. Want to learn more about email marketing, but not sure how to get started? Check out our list of the best email marketing software to compare our favorite tools for developing email campaigns. Some email campaigns function as lead nurturing tools that build interest in your products over time, while others can include promotions, seasonal deals or even newsletter updates. And we can see why, as companies earn $42 for every dollar they spend on email marketing.Įmail marketing involves collecting interested consumers’ emails and then sending them informative updates about your products and company. Email MarketingĮmail marketing is an incredibly popular approach, with 90% of companies ranking it as important to their overall success. ![]() Take a look at some of these popular ideas to see if any would work for your budding company. ![]() Generally, most businesses use a mix of traditional and digital marketing tools to help reach as many people as possible. There is a huge variety of marketing strategies available to small businesses. With these four principles in mind, you will find it easier to decide on a solid marketing strategy. How do you get the word out about your products? This is usually a mix of various marketing strategies, including paid advertising, content marketing, social media marketing and more. Where you sell determines where and how you market your product. Where do you sell your goods? For example, you may have a brick-and-mortar store or an e-commerce platform. What are you charging for your product? Calculate this by determining your net cost of goods and then adding on an additional amount to meet your desired profit margin. Curate the key features of your product and define what makes it unique in your market. What are you offering? It can be a physical product, digital item, service, event or experience. If you want to jump on the marketing train with your small business, a good first step is to consider the four Ps of marketing. Marketing is an excellent tool for increasing awareness of your products as well as establishing yourself as a reliable and reputable brand in your chosen niche. According to studies, nearly 90% of small businesses invest in marketing. Stephen king free audio books download4/30/2024 ![]() Sony Alpha-A6300 (Control) Collection_set But none of them could withstand the force that drew them back to Derry, Maine to face the nightmare without an end, and the evil without a nameġ: The shadow before - After the flood (1957) - After the festival (1984) - Six phone calls (1985) - 2: June of 1958 - Ben Hanscomb takes a fall - Bill Denbrough beats the devil (I) - One of the missing: a tale from the Summer of '58 - The dam in the Barrens - Georgie's room and the house on Neibolt Street - Cleaning up - 3: Grownups - The reunion - Walking tours - Three uninvited guests - 4: July of 1958 - The apocalyptic rockfight - The album - The smoke-hole - Eddie's bad break - Another one of the missing: the death of Patrick Hockstetter - The bullseye - 5: The ritual of Chüd - In the watches of the night - The circle closes - Under the city - The ritual of Chüd - Out - Epilogue: Bill Denbrough beats the devil (II)ġ: The shadow before - After the flood (1957) - After the festival (1984) - Six phone calls (1985) - 2: June of 1958 - Ben Hanscomb takes a fall - Bill Denbrough beats the devil (I) - One of the missing: a tale from the Summer of '58 - The dam in the Barrens - Georgie's room and the house on Neibolt Street - Cleaning up - 3: Grownups - The reunion - Walking tours - Three uninvited guests - 4: July of 1958 - The apocalyptic rockfight - The album - The smoke-hole - Eddie's bad break - Another one of the missing: the death of Patrick Hockstetter - The bullseye - 5: The ritual of Chud - In the watches of the night - The circle closes - Under the city - The ritual of Chud - Out - Epilogue: Bill Denbrough beats the devil (II) DOWNLOAD OPTIONS No suitable files to display here. King, Stephen, 1947-Publication date 1991. ![]() Now they were grown-up men and women who had gone out into the big world to gain success and happiness. Audio Books & Poetry Computers, Technology and Science Music, Arts & Culture News & Public Affairs Spirituality & Religion. He is the recipient of the 2020 Audio Publishers Association Lifetime Achievement Award, the 2018 PEN America Literary Service Award, the 2014 National Medal of Arts, and the 2003 National Book Foundation Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters. He lives in Bangor, Maine, with his wife, novelist Tabitha King.They were seven teenagers when they first stumbled upon the horror. His epic works The Dark Tower, It, Pet Sematary, and Doctor Sleep are the basis for major motion pictures, with It now the highest-grossing horror film of all time. His novel 11/22/63 was named a top ten book of 2011 by The New York Times Book Review and won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Mystery/Thriller. Mercedes (an Edgar Award winner for Best Novel and a television series streaming on Peacock). Stephen King is the author of more than sixty books, all of them worldwide bestsellers. His recent work includes Fairy Tale, Billy Summers, If It Bleeds, The Institute, Elevation, The Outsider, Sleeping Beauties (cowritten with his son Owen King), and the Bill Hodges trilogy: End of Watch, Finders Keepers, and Mr. Stephen King Audio Books (Audiobooks Online) Adults, Horror, Mystery, Suspense, Thriller Stephen King, Richard Chizmar Gwendys Final. “People ask me, ‘Do you have bad dreams?’ and I say to them, ‘Yes. Throughout King is self-deprecating, hilarious, and also serious about craft. audio files and many more (must be DRM free). When he joined us in 2006, he had just published Lisey’s Story, and both talks about writing it and reads a few pages from the book. ListenBook convenient audiobook player for iOS Download for free. Throughout you can hear the tension between King’s pop culture credentials and the judgement of literary establishment, between King’s working-class roots and so-called “high” culture. He ranges from his early days working at an industrial laundry facility where he made $1.60 an hour, to how the plots of some of his most famous novels where constructed. ![]() ![]() In this talk, King regales the audience with stories, real and imagined, with his signature mastery of plot, suspense, and hilarious punch lines that define his work. Stephen Edwin King is an American novelist and short-story writer whose books were credited with reviving the genre of horror fiction in the late 20th century. He was certainly one the best-selling author of the second half of the 20 th century. His work is difficult to define a mixture of psychological horror, fantasy, realism, and occasional whimsical and/or satirical humor. He wrote over seventy-five books of fiction and nonfiction, not to mention countless screenplays. King first published in 1967 and went on to write some of the most iconic pop culture classics of the last half century, many of which were made into Hollywood films, including The Shining, Misery, and The Green Mile. In this episode of The Archive Project, we feature the legendary writer, Stephen King, who appeared at the Newmark Theatre for a Literary Arts Special Event in 2006. Rules of ludo board game4/30/2024 ![]() Escape the Circle: Prioritize getting your pieces out of the starting circle by rolling sixes whenever possible.Here are some handy tips to enhance your Ludo Master prowess: Players must roll an exact number to reach home, strategizing their moves accordingly. Victory in Ludo Master hinges on being the first to maneuver all four pieces into the home space. You can keep rolling as long as you continue to land on sixes, but beware: three consecutive sixes result in a forfeited turn. Roll Again with a Six: Rolling a six earns you a bonus roll. For any other number, you can only move pieces already in play.Ĭapture Opponent’s Piece: Landing on a square occupied by an opponent’s piece allows you to capture it, sending it back to its starting circle. Move a Piece: If you roll a six, you can move a piece from the circle to the starting square or advance a piece already on the board. Roll the Die: On your turn, roll the dice to determine how many squares you can move one of your pieces. The objective in Ludo Master is straightforward: be the first to move all four pieces from their starting circles to the home space. So, gather your friends, choose your board, and let the fun begin! Playing Ludo Master: The Rules With Ludo Master, you not only get to enjoy the classic game of Ludo but also have the flexibility to tailor the experience to your preferences. The player with the highest roll gets the honor of starting the game, with subsequent turns progressing in a clockwise direction. Roll to Begin: To kick off the game, roll the dice.Experiment with different rules to make the game more challenging and dynamic. Customize Your Rules: Ludo Master offers various rule options to spice up your gameplay.This personalization adds a touch of individuality to the game. Select Players: Each player selects a color and positions their four pieces on the corresponding starting circle.Whether you prefer a classic look or something more modern, there’s a design for everyone. Choose Your Board: With Ludo Master, you have the freedom to pick the board that suits your style.You can easily download Ludo Master from the Play Store and select the board design that appeals to you. All you need are four players and access to a Ludo board. Preparing for a round of Ludo Master is simple. Players navigate their pieces clockwise around the board’s perimeter, aiming to reach the center. The board comprises four arms, each hosting three columns of squares. Ludo Master is a board game where the goal is to move four pieces of the same color from their starting positions to the central home space on a square board. ![]() If you’re on the hunt for a classic board game that’s both enjoyable and straightforward, Ludo Master fits the bill perfectly. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the rules of Ludo Master and how to play it, covering everything from setup to winning strategies. It’s simple to grasp and can entertain two to four players at a time. The first player to move all his tokens to the finishing square wins the game.Ludo Master is a timeless board game cherished by people of all ages. For example, if you roll a four, and your token requires to move only three squares, you have to move another token or pass. For this, a player has to roll the exact number the token has to move in order to reach home. Now, once a token travels around the entire board and reaches his home stretch or home column, it has to be moved towards the home. The returned token may only be reentered into play when the owner again rolls a 6. If the advance of a token ends on a square occupied by an opponent’s token, the opponent’s token is returned to its owner’s starting position. Opponents cannot pass or land on the block. If a player lands on a square he/she already occupies, the pair of tokens form a block. If the third roll is also a 6, the player may not move a token, and the turn immediately passes to the next player. If the additional roll results in a 6 again, the player earns another additional bonus roll. The rolling of a 6 earns the player an additional (“bonus”) roll. When a player rolls a 6, he/she may choose to advance a token already in play, or alternatively, he may enter another staged token to its starting square. Bed bug treatment for mattress4/30/2024 ![]() Use a thermometer to check the temperature. Put bags containing bedbugs in the freezer at 0☏ (-17.78☌).In cooler temperatures, it can take 2 to 5 months to kill sealed-up bugs. Pack up infested items in black bags and leave them outside on a hot day that reaches 95☏ (35☌) or in a closed car.Use a steamer on mattresses, couches, and other places where bedbugs hide.Then put them in a dryer on the highest heat setting for 30 minutes. Wash bedding and clothes in hot water for 30 minutes.Here are a few ways to treat bedbugs using these methods: These bugs are pretty easy to kill with high heat at 115☏ (46.11☌) or intense cold at 32☏ (0☌). You can first try to remove bedbugs without chemicals. Step 4: Kill the bedbugs How to get rid of bedbugs at home If you’re not sure what type of bug you’ve found, bring it to an exterminator or entomologist to identify. Other types of bugs can look a lot like bedbugs. Once you find a bedbug, put it in a sealed jar along with 1 teaspoon of rubbing alcohol. small and pale yellow eggs, egg shells, and yellowish skins that young bedbugs shed.reddish stains on your mattress from bugs that have been crushed.dark spots about the size of a period - these are bedbug droppings.live bedbugs, which are reddish and about 1/4-inch long.You can spot signs of bedbugs by the following: Use a flashlight and magnifying glass to go over all of these areas. in the seam where the wallpaper and ceiling meet.underneath paintings and posters on the walls.in cracks in the bed frame and headboard.near the tags of the mattress and box spring.Some inspectors use specially trained dogs to hunt down bedbugs by scent.īedbugs’ small and narrow bodies enable them to squeeze into tiny spots, like the seams of a mattress or couch and the folds of curtains. Search for bedbugs yourself or hire a professional to do an inspection. But smaller infestations can be harder to detect. It’s much easier and cheaper to treat a small infestation than a big one. If you’ve got bedbugs, you want to find them early before they start to reproduce. Online test autism spectrum4/29/2024 ![]() Symptoms must be present in the early developmental period (but may not become fully manifest until social demands exceed limited capacities, or may be masked by learned strategies in later life).apparent indifference to pain/temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement). Hyper- or hyporeactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment (e.g.Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus (e.g., strong attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or perseverative interests).Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior (e.g., extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food every day).Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech (e.g., simple motor stereotypes, lining up toys or flipping objects, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases).Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, as manifested by at least two of the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive see text):.For either criterion, severity is described in 3 levels: Level 3 – requires very substantial support, Level 2 – Requires substantial support, and Level 1 – requires support.1 Severity is based on social communication impairments and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships, ranging, for example, from difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social contexts to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making friends to absence of interest in peers.Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, ranging, for example, from poorly integrated verbal and nonverbal communication to abnormalities in eye contact and body language or deficits in understanding and use of gestures to a total lack of facial expressions and nonverbal communication.Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity, ranging, for example, from abnormal social approach and failure of normal back-and-forth conversation to reduced sharing of interests, emotions, or affect to failure to initiate or respond to social interactions.Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, as manifested by the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive see text):. ![]() below) plus at least two of four types of restricted, repetitive behaviors (see B.1. To meet diagnostic criteria for ASD according to DSM-5, a child must have persistent deficits in each of three areas of social communication and interaction (see A.1. Diagnostic Criteria for 299.00 Autism Spectrum Disorder The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) provides standardized criteria to help diagnose ASD. AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |